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Source characteristics

Figure 3: The UE56 undulator prior to its installation (November 2001, click for an enlarged picture)

Type: Elliptical twin undulator UE56

Period length: 56 mm

Number of periods: 2 x 32

Gap: 18 - 150 mm

Polarization: Linear ( -5^o to 185^o)
Circular (right or left)

K value: 4.4 - 2.2

Operating on harmonics: 1 - 7

Maximum field: 0.83 T / 0.66 T (H / V)

Energy range: 95 - 2000 eV

The source of the SIM beamline is a pair of pure permanent magnet helical undulators, which was built in collaboration with BESSY. It produces up to 10¹⁵ photons/sec in a range of 95 - 2000 eV. This photon energy range covers most relevant core levels from the Si-2p states (99eV) up to the rare earth d-states (~1500 - 2000eV).

Figure 4: Calculated photon flux from the UE56 undulators of the SIM beamline (click for an enlarged picture)